Aviation

 Aviation

Aviation industry is the business sector that manufactures, maintains, and operates the aircrafts and the airports. When it comes to aviation, there is a broad range of responsibilities within. It comprises activities at the airport as well as in the aircraft. It involves ground duties that are required to perform before the flight takes off, the activities during the flight, and the activities after it lands. 

What is Aviation?

The term aviation, was coined by a French pioneer named Guillaume Joseph Gabriel de La Landelle in 1863. It originates from the Latin word avis that literally means bird. Aviation means all the activities related to flying the aircraft. 

What is Aviation Management?

Aviation management involves managing the workflow of airline, airport, or other businesses pertaining to aviation or aerospace industry by carrying out the day-to-day operations of an airport or an airline.

Major Regulating Bodies in Indian Aviation Industry The Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) of Government of India is responsible to formulate policies and programs to develop and regulate civil aviation, and to implement the schemes for expanding civil air transport. It also oversees airport facilities, air traffic services, and air carriage of passengers and goods. An Indian regulatory body for civil aviation named The Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) is under the MoCA. This directorate investigates aviation accidents and incidents.

Aviation is a field that undergoes frequent changes. This industry works 24x7 hence, there is a change in manpower, resources, and the aircrafts too. The information technology is playing an instrumental role in the success of aviation. Right from the simulation software the trainee pilots use, here are some of the various software used by the staff of the aviation industry: 

• Aircraft Maintenance Software that keeps tracks of on the floor activities of maintenance.
•  Fuel Management Software that optimizes fuel procurement and reacts to the fluctuations in fuel price. 
• Network and Route Performance Management Software that anticipates profitable air routes and enables quick decision-making. 
•  Catering Procurement Software that helps to carry out the entire procure-topay procedure seamlessly. 
•  Catering Production Software that emphasizes minimum waste and maximum customer satisfaction. 
• Flight Information Display System (FIDS) at the airports works round the clock in real time to display the detailed flights status such that the travelers can get to know the latest information from any corner of the airport as well as on the Internet. 
•  Departure Control System (DCS) works in conjunction with the reservation system to keep the track of check-in travelers and issues boarding passes.  

 

Hair Mask:

1. Protein Hair Masks:

If your hair feels stringy, stretchy, and weak, it is likely that it is in dire need of protein. Your hair is basically just protein and the lack of this nutrient can cause it to wear down over time. Treating your hair with protein masks every once in a while will give it just the right boost of the nutrient to keep it healthy. However, if your hair is in good condition, not going overboard with the protein treatments is a good idea. Too much protein can make your hair really stiff and crisp.

How To Apply A Hair Mask

Step 1 – Clean Your Hair

A lot of people don’t realize how important it is to clean your hair before you apply a hair mask. This is because dirt and product residue that builds up in your hair creates a barrier around the hair shaft, keeping it from absorbing nutrients and moisture. To avoid this, wash your hair with lukewarm water and shampoo. Do not condition your hair at this point. Squeeze the excess moisture out of your hair with a towel and let it air dry.

 

Step 2 – Apply The Mask

Once your hair is dry, untangle it using a wide toothed wooden comb. Get rid of all the tangles, and then, section your hair. Start applying the hair mask from the roots to the tips of your hair. Focus on the tips as these are probably the most damaged parts. Run the comb through your hair again once it is completely covered in the mask. This will help ensure that all of your hair strands have been coated.

Step 3 – Let It Process

 

Now it is time to let your hair process. The effectiveness of the hair mask can be boosted by creating a warm environment for your hair. You can do this by wrapping your hair with a hot towel and then keeping it on for as long as your hair treatment requires you to. The processing time depends on the hair mask and can range from 10 minutes to overnight. You can heat up a towel by dipping it in hot water and wringing the excess water out.

Step 4 – Wash It Out

 

 Wash the hair mask out using shampoo and cool water. Finish with conditioner. The cool water helps seal your cuticles, keeping your hair feeling moisturized and nourished for longer. Squeeze the excess water out of your hair using a towel and proceed to let your hair air dry.

 

Things To Remember:

·        Using a hair mask once a week is a sure shot way of ensuring hair health.

·        Do not rub your hair dry with a towel. Vigorous rubbing will cause cuticle damage, leading to breakage and frizzy hair.

·        Always use cold water to wash your hair as this will help seal your hair cuticle, minimize frizz, and keep your hair moisturized. You can use warm water to wash your hair before you apply the hair mask as open cuticles at this point will make your hair more receiving of moisture and nourishment.

·        Always use a wide toothed wooden comb to untangle your hair. This will prevent tangling and static.

·        It is important that you treat your hair with the right hair masks. Using a protein mask when your hair is already loaded with protein might make it too stiff.

Henna For Hair

 HENNA:

Things Required For Making Black Henna Paste:

• 3 spoons of natural henna powder

• Half cup of hot water

• A medium bowl for making paste (use an old bowl as it will get stained)

• Old newspaper to keep the bowl

• A shower cap or towel or any cloth

• Gloves or hairbrush

• Conditioner

 

How To Use Henna To Get Rid Of Grey Hair?

Follow the steps that are mentioned below. The steps will teach you how to apply henna for grey hair the right way. They are easy to follow and do not need much effort either!

 

Step 1: Boil Black Tea Leaves

The first and most important thing you need to do is boil black tea leaves in water. Take a saucer and pour water into it. Turn the gas on and then drop the tea leaves into it. Let it boil and bubble for a while. Simmer it until the water becomes half. The water should be in proportion to the quantity of henna powder you use. Always use natural henna powder.

Step 2: Prepare A Henna Mask

The next thing you should do is to prepare a henna mask. Take some henna powder depending upon the intensity of grey hair. Then soak it in water for around 8 hours, preferably during the night. Once this is done, pour black tea into it along with some lemon juice. Mix it well. You should also add some amla powder to this mixture.

Step 3: Apply The Mask

Now, take that particular part of your grey hair. If it is an entire section, you can make a ponytail out of the other, so that they don’t stick to one another. Apply the mask with the help of a brush. Your fingers will also do the work. But choose something that is comfortable for you. Apply it all over your hair. See to it that you cover all your grey hair.

Step 4: Don’t Forget To Wait

You cannot wash your hair off right on that spot. You will have to wait for about 30 minutes. In the mean time, take a shower cap and cover your hair with it. Relax for a while now! 

Step 5: Wash It Off

Once 30 minutes have passed, you can wash your hair. Make sure you rinse it thoroughly to clean the mehndi. This might take up a little time. But you should be sure to wash your hair well. Cold water would do wonders. It will impart a healthy shine to your hair. You can also apply a good amount of conditioner to your hair wearing the gloves. Massage it well on the hair and wash it off. Repeat the washing process in case the hair is not washed properly at the first go.

Hot Oil Massage For Hair Growth

Hot Oil Massage For Hair Growth :

A warm oil massage is said to be more effective than a cold oil massage as heat can increase blood circulation, thereby boosting nutrient supply to hair follicles. Hair also absorbs oil better when it is warmer. Just be careful of not overheating the oil as it could scald your skin – heat enough oil so that it’s just hot enough to touch without burning your skin. Do not overheat as it can destroy the nutrients.

Dampen hair with water and apply oil to both scalp and hair. Leave on for as long as you prefer. Wash with a mild shampoo.

• Raised cuticle scales will readily absorb oil. If oiling after washing hair, avoid applying to the roots as it can weigh down your hair.

• If you’re short on time, simply mix a few drops of hair oil with your conditioner and massage into hair strands.

• Fill a bowl with water and add a tablespoon of hair oil to it. Swish around and soak your hair in it for 15-20 minutes. Wrap a towel around your head to maximise benefits, leaving on for an hour or so. Wash off with a mild shampoo.

• Fill a spray bottle with water and add in a few drops of hair oil. Shake well and spray onto damp hair. This nourishes hair and protects it from damage caused by heat styling procedures and tools.

• Apply hair to dry scalp and hair. Soak a towel in warm water and wring it. Wrap around head to enhance the healing properties of the oil.

Do's and Dont's :

 When oiling hair, don’t dump all the oil onto your head; dip your fingers into the oil, make partitions in your hair with your fingers, and gently apply onto scalp. Indulekha Bringha Oil comes with a selfie comb – a unique dispensing mechanism that helps in application.

• It's possible that your hair fall is caused by improper massage techniques; rubbing oil into the scalp using your palm will likely lead to breakage. Massage your scalp using your fingertips for 10-15 minutes to boost blood circulation. Refrain from tugging at your hair. • Avoid heat styling your hair after treating your tresses to the best.


• One rule to abide by when massaging the scalp is to not use your fingernails. Massage techniques are of two types - effleurage and petrissage. Effleurage uses stroking and circular movement of hands, while petrissage involves lifting and kneading the scalp. The former is most recommended and beneficial.

• Consider dabbing on oil on the scalp with a piece of cotton – it’s gentler than your fingers.

• Using more hair oil than is necessary won't do your tresses any good. You'll also need more shampoo to wash it off. So remember to use adequate oil, but don't douse your hair and scalp in it.

• Always remove knots and tangles before massaging your hair or else you'll end up with more tangles leading to breakage.

• Bear in mind that hair roots tend to loosen up after a head massage so avoid tying hair up tightly as it can lead to hair fall.

• Oiling hair regularly is a must for maximum benefits, but too often and you could do more harm than good for your locks. Stick to massaging no more than twice a week. Remember that shampooing too often can strip your scalp and hair of natural oils, worsening skin and hair conditions.

• Pick carrier and essential oils that work for your scalp and hair type and address specific problems that you have. For example, almond oil is nourishing and prevents dandruff while argan oil is great for dry frizzy hair.

• Do give your scalp and hair time to absorb all the goodness of the oil. Wait for at least 30 minutes to an hour before shampooing.

Best oils for hair

Best Oils For Hair

Coconut oil

Coconut oil is naturally anti-bacterial and anti-fungal and helps soothe the scalp. Studies show virgin coconut oil is anti-inflammatory, thus the ideal oil to counter-effect hair loss as inflammation is the physiological reason behind hair fall. It also acts as a great moisturiser and boosts shine and lustre.

Almond oil

This light, non-sticky oil is packed with the goodness of vitamin E that nourishes hair, keeps it moisturised, and makes hair strong and lustrous. Almond oil also nourishes the scalp and helps reduce dandruff.

 

Olive oil

This oil is amazing for topical application and non-heated consumption. It is packed with essential fatty acids that revitalise the scalp, nourish hair roots, and promote growth of hair. A highly moisturising hair oil, olive oil is rich in vitamin E, an important nutrient for hair growth. The oleic acid present in this oil easily penetrates the hair shaft and locks in moisture.

Castor oil

Castor oil works wonders for hair and is a popular cosmetic oil. Individuals facing hair loss have excess of the hormone prostaglandin or PGD2 in their bodies; research shows that this hormone can be inhibited by a substance found in castor oil, thereby increasing hair growth and slowing down hair loss.

Benefits of oil massage

 

OIL MASSAGE:

Massaging your hair and scalp with beneficial

 oils is an age-old secret known by Indian women

 for healthy lustrous hair. Regular oil massages

 have several proven direct and indirect benefits

for the scalp and hair, including increased circulation, deep conditioning, relaxation, decreases stress, and more.

 

Benefits of oil massage

 Boosts hair growth

Hair is made of protein and as such, needs sufficient vitamins and other nutrients to grow well. Hair oil acts as a replenishing agent, giving your hair the nourishment it needs. Moreover, massaging oil into the scalp helps open the pores and facilitates better oil absorption. Regular oil massages help reverse the damaging effects of chemical and other hair treatments, boost blood circulation, strengthens roots, and promotes hair growth. Oil works not only by reducing hair fall but also reviving and regenerate hair.

Strengthens hair

 

Limp, flat hair, extreme dryness or excess greasiness, split ends, and hair breakage are all signs of weak roots. Common reasons for weakened roots include cold temperatures, poor diet, heat from styling tools, certain hair products, etc. While it's normal to lose 100-150 hair strands a day, if you're experiencing more hair fall, regular oil massage can greatly benefit you. Oil massage boosts blood circulation in the scalp, facilitating the easy transfer of nutrients to the roots. Hair oils also unclog pores on the scalp, promoting root health and hair growth.

 

Protects hair shaft

Hair is naturally hydrophobic or water-repelling, due to the natural oils being produced in the scalp. While natural oils serve to keep the hair strands moisturised and nourished, weather changes, chemical hair products, heat tools, pollution, chlorinated water, and a host of other factors wreak havoc on hair health and make it dry, dehydrated, and coarse. Limp and lifeless looking hair is normally porous because its outer protective layer has been damaged. Humidity or washing hair causes water molecules to penetrate the shaft and make hair strands expand or swell up. Since the outermost layer of the hair strand, called cuticle, cannot expand like the inside layers, it ends up curling outward, forming an uneven and scaly texture instead of being smooth. Oiling hair regularly protects the hair shaft by making it hydrophobic, preventing water molecules from penetrating it and causing damage.

 

 

Adds shine and lustre to your locks

Luscious shine is one of the most attractive features of healthy hair. Hair oil boosts shine by making the hair shaft hydrophobic, which prevents the outer cuticle from swelling and forming a scaly texture. A smooth and shiny cuticle contributes to shining, healthy hair. Heat damage causes hair to become brittle and develop split ends. Regular oil massage can treat split ends and nourish hair from the inside out to keep hair looking shining and gorgeous.

Prevents infection

When skin pores on the scalp clog, it can lead to minor to major problems like irritation to bacterial or fungal infections. Infections can further lead to dandruff and also provide a suitable growth environment for hair lice, resulting in hair loss. Note that there are good bacteria present on your scalp at all times, and that regular oiling with natural anti-bacterial ingredients like honey can nourish the scalp and keep infections at bay. If you notice your scalp is tender in places or has developed red spots, consult a dermatologist right away.

 

 

Prevents dandruff

Dandruff is the major cause of hair fall

 and weather changes and pollution play a role

 in worsening the situation. Dandruff results

from a dry scalp, causing itching, damage to

 roots, hair breakage and hair fall, and also

 providing lice with a suitable growth environment. Dandruff is essentially dead skin cells, often affecting individuals with an excessively dry scalp, the dryness itself, arising from the sebaceous glands present on the skin producing little to no natural oil. Regular oil massage can not only keep the scalp nourished, but also help oil glands produce sufficient natural oil. Note that excess oil can also hinder growth by clogging pores, so wash off with mild shampoo to achieve a balance that works for your hair.

Prevents greying

Premature hair greying is a common problem seen in youngsters and adults today. It usually arises due to lack of vitamins and protein in food. That being said, there are several reasons that contribute to premature greying, one of them being genetic predisposition. Just as melanin present in the skin lends it its colour, so does it for hair. The higher the concentration of melanin, the darker the hair colour; lack of melanin causes greying. Regular oil massage helps retain the colour of your hair. Since oil also forms a protective sheath around hair strands, they are protected from pollution and UV rays which can otherwise contribute to hair lightening.

 

Relaxes mind and body

Massaging scalp with lukewarm oil facilitates blood circulation and soothes capillaries and nerves. Oil massage relaxes your mind and body, alleviates stress, and boosts mood. Since stress is a contributor to hair loss, regular oil massage can boost hair growth. Research also suggests that it improves eyesight!

 

Benefits of Hair Spa

 

Benefits of Hair Spa

·        The intense conditioning of the hair using a special hair spa conditioner essentially strengthens and nourishes each and every hair follicle present on the scalp. This helps to regain the lost sheen and health of the hair strands which gets affected with air pollution and every day stress.

 

·        The intense conditioning of the hair using a special hair spa conditioner essentially strengthens and nourishes each and every hair follicle present on the scalp. This helps to regain the lost sheen and health of the hair strands which gets affected with air pollution and every day stress.

·        The intense massage on the scalp revitalizes the scalp which further triggers significant hair growth. This benefit of the treatment proves helpful for people suffering from the problem of hair loss and hair breakage.

·        The process further helps in controlling the secretion of oil from the oil glands located on the scalp. This step is essential to control the problem of dandruff and scalp dryness.

·        The massage performed in the treatment further betters the blood circulation and triggers cell metabolism. The results of the same are observed in the form of increased production of healthy hair strands.

·        The treatment further helps to eliminate the impurities collected inside the pores and repair the damaged hair follicles.   

Hair spa is an effective re-hydrating treatment which plays a great role in restoring the accumulation of all the vital oils requisite for the healthy growth of hair. The procedure supplements the essential moisture that is required for the growth of well nourished and hydrated hair strands.

Sensitive Skin

 

Sensitive Skin

Sensitive skin types may exhibit the characteristics of dry skin, oily skin, or combination skin, but they also deal with a great amount of redness and irritation. Normal skin types may also have sensitive skin, but these generally don’t overlap. Those with sensitive skin types should avoid harsh chemical-based skin care treatments, and can be caused by other skin conditions like rosacea or allergies. Sensitive skin is easily inflamed, so it’s important to choose the right natural skin care for sensitive skin to avoid any adverse reactions.

There are a variety of ways to classify skin beyond these main types. Dermatologists use a variety of different scales and classification systems, and when it comes to skin care and treatment, two schemas you’ll often come across include the Fitzpatrick Scale and a grading system that looks at the severity of acne.